Pros and cons of moving to Luxembourg

Luxembourg's quality of life ranks consistently highly among the world's most popular expat destinations. With a government that looks after its residents and values wellbeing, Luxembourg has an extraordinary number of pros that could convince anyone who is uncertain to make the move to this small, landlocked European country.

That said, as with any country, there are downsides to life in Luxembourg too. We’ve put together a list of pros and cons of moving to Luxembourg.

Accommodation in Luxembourg

+ PRO: Expats face no restrictions when buying homes in Luxembourg

While renting is the better option for those not planning to stick around for the long term, if you're planning to move to Luxembourg permanently, you should certainly consider buying property in the country. There are no restrictions for foreigners, and homes that are up for sale are also much more ubiquitous and varied than rentals. 

- CON: The number of rentals available are limited

Luxembourg has a large foreign population that prefers to rent rather than buy accommodation. Sadly, the demand for rentals exceeds the supply, and the vast majority of available properties in the country are for sale only. If you want to rent in Luxembourg, you are generally limited to apartments in the country’s urban centres, which you must apply for quickly to secure.

- CON: Rentals are extremely expensive

On top of it being difficult to find accommodation in the first place, renting is expensive in Luxembourg. In the long term, buying property is much cheaper, but this is not an option for those only staying for a short time. For this reason, many expats rent more affordable properties in a neighbouring country and commute into Luxembourg.

Transport in Luxembourg

+ PRO: Expats can easily travel to neighbouring countries

Luxembourg has a dense and efficient transport system that covers the entire country and extends into neighbouring France, Belgium, and Germany. You can hop on a bus or train and cross Luxembourg’s border for a weekend or day trip, or as part of your daily commute. Cross-border trains and buses run regularly and tickets are cheap.

+ PRO: Public transport is free

Luxembourg became the first country in the world to make public transport free for all, including residents and tourists. Tickets must only be purchased when travelling first class or across one of the country’s borders. This includes all trains, buses, and Luxembourg City’s tram line.

- CON: Luxembourg has only one airport

Thanks to its compact size, Luxembourg's single airport serves the country well. The only downside to Findel Airport is its limited routes to a few destinations. Although this list is expanding, it currently covers Europe, a few African countries, and the UAE.   

Lifestyle and culture in Luxembourg

+ PRO: Stunning landscapes to explore

With mountains, deep valleys and grassy plains, Luxembourg’s rural countryside is well worth exploring. While the urban centres are also picturesque, the country's beautiful rural scenery and landscapes can be discovered just minutes from the country's cities.

+ PRO: Luxembourg is safe

Luxembourg is economically and politically stable, and crime rates are low. Opportunistic thieving does occur, but not nearly as regularly as in other European countries. Although general awareness of your surroundings is still recommended, you will feel safe and secure in Luxembourg.

- CON: The language barrier

Luxembourg has three official languages, namely Luxembourgish, French and German. The locals will generally speak all three languages well, if not fluently. Although some locals may also speak English, they will not always be willing to assist foreigners who don’t attempt to communicate with them in a local language. Even the smallest effort is appreciated, but those who move without knowledge of French, German or Luxembourgish may struggle initially.

- CON: Making friends with locals can be tricky

Luxembourgers are typically quite private people. This cultural nuance may be difficult for newly arrived foreigners to navigate, as they may find locals reserved and unwilling to share personal information. It is worth studying some of the country's social norms before moving. 

Working in Luxembourg

+ PRO: Good work-life balance

If you're moving to Luxembourg for work, you will benefit greatly from the country’s strict labour laws. They protect workers and ensure they enjoy a good work-life balance. Full-time employees work eight hours a day, five days a week. Any overtime is generally paid, but employees are legally prohibited from working more than 48 hours a week. They are also entitled to at least 25 days of leave a year, excluding the 10 annual public holidays.

- CON: It’s difficult to get a job as a foreigner

Expats can only be employed if no suitable candidates are registered with the Agency for the Development of Employment (ADEM) to fill the position. Due to this, it can be difficult for expats to find a job in Luxembourg. That said, it’s not impossible, and those with the right credentials may find vacancies in several fields.

Cost of living in Luxembourg

- CON: Luxembourg is relatively expensive

Luxembourg is a rather expensive country. While cheaper than some Western European destinations, you should not underestimate how costly life in the country can be. Accommodation comes at a hefty price, and food, whether shopping for groceries or eating out, is also pricey. That said, you will save money by using the free transport system to get around.

+ PRO: Generally high salaries

High salaries tend to offset the high cost of living in Luxembourg. Although a luxurious life may be out of reach for some expats, they can live comfortably in the country on a local salary.

Schools in Luxembourg

+ PRO: The education system is excellent

Luxembourg boasts an outstanding education system. From the age of 11, children can choose between a traditional or vocational route. By the time they reach the end of their schooling, they will be well set up to go on to university or college or to start working.

- CON: The language barrier in schools

Language teaching is at the heart of the education system in Luxembourg, and by the time school is complete, all children in Luxembourg will be able to speak all three local languages well, if not fluently. If you're moving to Luxembourg with no prior knowledge of any local languages, your children will have quite a big obstacle to overcome if they wish to attend a local school.

That said, there are courses and classes expats can attend that will help with the transition. Alternatively, there are private English-medium schools in Luxembourg, some of which are government-subsidised. Although these charge high fees, international schools are also an option.

Healthcare in Luxembourg

+ PRO: Luxembourg has a high standard of healthcare

Luxembourg is home to one of the best state-sponsored healthcare systems in Europe, which is available for free or at subsidised rates to all legal residents. If you're employed in Luxembourg, compulsory contributions to the healthcare system will be taken from your salary each month, and this system will pay for around 84 percent of all treatments included in state coverage. You can also choose their doctor, specialist and hospital, and emergency care is given for free at all large state hospitals.