Healthcare in Brazil is available at both public and private institutions. Legal citizens and permanent residents are able to get access to free public healthcare at any of the government hospitals. However, the quality of service in the public healthcare sector tends to be below the standards expected by most expats. Those who can afford it often choose to make use of private medical facilities instead.

Public healthcare in Brazil

Public hospitals in Brazil are usually the responsibility of individual state governments, while the federal government oversees general policy. Public medical care, including hospitalisation, doctors’ visits and prescription medicines, is free under the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

However, public hospitals in Brazil are generally overcrowded and underfunded. English-speaking doctors are not always available, especially in hospitals outside of the main metropolitan areas. 

Private healthcare in Brazil

Although most expats find private healthcare to be of a higher standard than public healthcare, it comes at a cost. Private healthcare in Brazil has earned the reputation of being among the most expensive in Latin America.

The range of specialists available in Brazil depends on the city. Larger cities have a variety of private practitioners to choose from but fees are also higher. On the other hand, smaller towns are cheaper but there are fewer options.

Pharmacies in Brazil 

There are many pharmacies in Brazil, particularly in the larger cities and towns. Most general and prescription medicines are available at pharmacies. The government continues to invest large amounts in the production of generic drugs to reduce the impact on consumers' wallets.

Brazilian pharmacists tend to be knowledgeable and helpful. Pharmacies are generally open from early morning to well into the evening. Some pharmacies in the larger cities are open 24 hours a day. 

Health insurance in Brazil

Due to the massive costs associated with private healthcare, health insurance is vital for expats in Brazil. There are a number of international health insurance companies for expats to choose from when looking for a healthcare plan in Brazil. 

Health hazards in Brazil

Mosquito-borne diseases remain a risk in Brazil, particularly in the tropical regions during the rainy season. There are no vaccines available for malaria or dengue fever. Expats should ensure that they take adequate precautions to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes.

Outside of major urban centres, food safety can also be an issue. Expats should be cautious and make sure that all food has been cooked through. Additionally, it is recommended that expats stick to bottled or filtered water in most areas of the country. 

Pre-travel vaccinations for Brazil

The following vaccinations are recommended prior to travel to Brazil:

  • Hepatitis A

  • Hepatitis B

  • Typhoid

  • Rabies

  • Yellow fever

  • Routine MMR and tetanus vaccines

The above list is only a guide. Expats should consult with a medical professional prior to departure for further information on vaccinations for Brazil. 

Emergency services in Brazil

A general public ambulance service is available throughout the country. This is available to all residents and can be contacted on 192.

Most major private hospitals also have their own ambulance services, which can be called directly in the case of an emergency.

Further reading

►For an overview of the schooling system, see Education and Schools in Brazil

Expat Experiences

"Public healthcare is universal here, but its quality and speed is mediocre compared to private options. I’ve actually never gone to a hospital or health clinic in Brazil. One thing I’ve had trouble with is obtaining certain medications at pharmacies here, but a lot of medications you’d need prescriptions for in the US don’t require prescriptions here." Read more of Elliot's expat interview.

"If you want to make sure you are always well taken care of in a sensible timeframe, it is important to have a private health insurance/healthcare plan. In hospitals like Einstein or Sírio Libanes you get world-class doctors, equipment and treatment. They are very costly, though, so be prepared and get a good health plan if you can!" Check out Dona's expat interview about São Paulo.

Are you an expat living in Brazil?

Expat Arrivals is looking for locals to contribute to this guide, and answer forum questions from others planning their move to Brazil. Please contact us if you'd like to contribute.

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